Friday, September 7, 2007

India Geography

"One fifth of Americans can't locate America on a map"

Please don't be like that, we can locate and Map.....

The geography of India is diverse, with landscape ranging from snow-capped mountain ranges to deserts, plains, rainforests, hills, and plateaus.

India is bordered by Pakistan to the north-west, China, Bhutan and Nepal to the north, Myanmar to the east and Bangladesh to the east of West Bengal. Sri Lanka, the Maldives and Indonesia are island nations to the south of India. Sri Lanka is separated from India by a narrow channel of sea formed by Palk Strait and the Gulf of Mannar.

Politically, India is divided into 28 states, and seven federally administered union territories. The political divisions generally follow linguistic and ethnic boundaries rather than geographic transitions. States have their own elected government, while union territories are governed by an administrator appointed by the union government.

States:

  1. Andhra Pradesh
  2. Arunachal Pradesh
  3. Assam
  4. Bihar
  5. Chhattisgarh
  6. Goa
  7. Gujarat
  8. Haryana
  9. Himachal Pradesh
  10. Jammu and Kashmir
  11. Jharkhand
  12. Karnataka
  13. Kerala
  14. Madhya Pradesh
  1. Maharashtra
  2. Manipur
  3. Meghalaya
  4. Mizoram
  5. Nagaland
  6. Orissa
  7. Punjab
  8. Rajasthan
  9. Sikkim
  10. Tamil Nadu
  11. Tripura
  12. Uttar Pradesh
  13. Uttarakhand
  14. West Bengal











Union Territories:

  1. Andaman and Nicobar Islands
  2. Chandigarh
  3. Dadra and Nagar Haveli
  4. Daman and Diu
  5. Lakshadweep
  6. National Capital Territory of Delhi
  7. Puducherry

Capitals

STATE or UT

ADMINIST.

LEGIS.

JUDIC.

SINCE

FORMER CAPITAL

Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Port Blair

Kolkata

1956

Andhra Pradesh

Hyderabad

Hyderabad

Hyderabad

1956

kurnool

Arunachal Pradesh

Itanagar

Itanagar

Guwahati

1972

Assam

Guwahati

Dispur

Guwahati

1972

Shillong (1874-1972)

Bihar

Patna

Patna

Patna

1936

Chandigarh

Chandigarh

Chandigarh

1966

Chhattisgarh

Raipur

Raipur

Bilaspur

2000

Dadra and Nagar Haveli

Silvassa

Mumbai

1961

Daman and Diu

Daman

Mumbai

1987

NCT–Delhi

Delhi

Delhi

Delhi

1956

Goa

Panaji

Porvorim

Mumbai

1961

Gujarat

Gandhinagar

Gandhinagar

Ahmedabad

1970

Ahmedabad (1960-1970)

Haryana

Chandigarh

Chandigarh

Chandigarh

1966

Himachal Pradesh

Shimla

Shimla

Shimla

1948

Jammu and Kashmir

Srinagar (S)

Jammu (W)

Srinagar (S)

Jammu (W)

Srinagar

1948

Jharkhand

Ranchi

Ranchi

Ranchi

2000

Karnataka

Bengaluru

Bengaluru

Bengaluru

1956

Mysore

Kerala

Thiruvananthapuram

T'puram

Ernakulam

1956

Kochi (1949-1956)

Lakshadweep

Kavaratti

Ernakulam

1956

Madhya Pradesh

Bhopal

Bhopal

Jabalpur

1956

Nagpur (1861-1956)

Maharashtra

Mumbai

Nagpur (W/2nd)

• Mumbai

Nagpur

Mumbai

1818
1960

Manipur

Imphal

Imphal

Guwahati

1947

Meghalaya

Shillong

Shillong

Guwahati

1970

Mizoram

Aizawl

Aizawl

Guwahati

1972

Nagaland

Kohima

Kohima

Guwahati

1963

Orissa

Bhubaneshwar

Bhubaneshwar

Cuttack

1948

Cuttack (1936-1948)

Pondicherry

Pondecherry

Pondecherry

Chennai

1954

Punjab

Chandigarh

Chandigarh

Chandigarh

1966

Lahore (1936-1947)

• Shimla (1947-1966)

Rajasthan

Jaipur

Jaipur

Jodhpur

1948

Sikkim

Gangtok

Gangtok

Gangtok

1975

Tamil Nadu

Chennai

Chennai

Chennai

1956

Tripura

Agartala

Agartala

Guwahati

1956

Uttar Pradesh

Lucknow

Lucknow

Allahabad

1937

Uttarakhand

Dehradun

Dehradun

Nainital

2000

West Bengal

Kolkata

Kolkata

Kolkata

1905


Languages:

The Indian constitution declares Hindi in Devanagari script to be the official language of the union. Unless Parliament decided otherwise, the use of English for official purposes was to cease fifteen years after the constitution came into effect, i.e., on 26 January 1965

The following table lists the languages set out in the eighth schedule as of May 2007, together with the regions where they are used:

No. ↓

Language ↓

Place(s)/Community ↓

1.

Assamese/Asomiya

Assam

2.

Bengali/Bangla

Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Tripura, West Bengal,

3.

Bodo

Assam

4.

Dogri

Jammu and Kashmir

5.

Gujarati

Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu, Gujarat

6.

Hindi

Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Chandigarh, Chhattisgarh, the national capital territory of Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand.

7.

Kannada

Karnataka

8.

Kashmiri

Jammu and Kashmir

9.

Konkani

Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra

10.

Maithili

Bihar

11.

Malayalam

Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, Kerala

12.

Manipuri (also Meitei or Meithei)

Manipur

13.

Marathi

Dadra & Nagar Haveli , Daman and Diu, Goa, Maharashtra

14.

Nepali

Sikkim, West Bengal

15.

Oriya

Orissa

16.

Punjabi

Chandigarh, Delhi, Haryana, Punjab

17.

Sanskrit

Listed as a Classical Language of India.

18.

Santhali

Santhal tribals of the Chota Nagpur Plateau (comprising the states of Bihar, Chattisgarh, Jharkhand, Orissa)

19.

Sindhi

Sindhi community

20.

Tamil

Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Puducherry, Tamil Nadu. Listed as a Classical Language of India.

21.

Telugu

Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh

22.

Urdu

Andhra Pradesh, Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh

Say Cheese!!!

Man: Sardarji where were u born?

Sardarji: Punjab.

Man: Which part?

Sardar: Oye part part kya kar raha hai, whole body is born in punjab".

FYI: There are many external links (text with blue color) in the post, please use them for more information and to check for terminologies.

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